Apex Numeric Types and Operations
What Are Numeric Types in Apex?
Numeric types in Apex are used to store numbers—whole numbers, decimal numbers, very large numbers, and precise financial values. These types help you perform calculations, comparisons, and data conversions.
Types of Numeric Data Types in Apex
| Data Type | What It Stores | Example | Precision |
|---|---|---|---|
| Integer | Whole numbers | Integer age = 25; | Up to ± 2,147,483,647 |
| Long | Large whole numbers | Long population = 7000000000L; | Up to ±9,223,372,036,854. |
| Double | Decimal numbers (up to 15 digits) | Double pi = 3.14159; | ~15 decimal digits |
| Decimal | High-precision decimal values (money, etc.) | Decimal price = 19.99; | ~28-29 digits |
Common Methods and Properties (with Examples)
valueOf() — Converts from string to numeric type
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String str = ‘123’;
Integer num = Integer.valueOf(str); // num = 123
format() — Formats decimal/double values for display
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Decimal price = 1234.567;
String formatted = price.format(); // “1,234.57”
toString() — Converts a number to a string
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Double pi = 3.14159;
String strPi = pi.toString(); // “3.14159”
Equals() — Checks if two numbers are equal
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Double a = 3.14;
Double b = 3.14;
Boolean isEqual = a.equals(b); // true
compareTo() — Compares two numeric values
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Decimal x = 10.5;
Decimal y = 20.7;
Integer result = x.compareTo(y); // -1 (x < y)
Mathematical Operations in Apex
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Integer a = 10;
Integer b = 5;
Integer add = a + b; // 15
Integer subtract = a – b; // 5
Integer multiply = a * b; // 50
Decimal divide = Decimal.valueOf(a) / b; // 2.0
Practice Tasks (For Learners)
1. Convert the string “150” to an Integer using Integer.valueOf().
2. Convert the string “55.75” to a Decimal using Decimal.valueOf().
3. Convert a double value 3.14159 to a string and print the result using toString().
4. Use format() to format the number 1234.5678 and print it.
5. Check if two decimal values 100.00 and 100.00 are equal using equals() and display the result.
6. Compare two double values 5.6 and 9.3 using compareTo() and print the result.
7. Perform and print the results of the following operations using Apex:
• Subtraction
• Addition
• Multiplication
• Division
